Shelf Savers Plastic

Shelf Savers Plastic

Chemistry in the Service of Humanity

Chemistry is defined as the science of atoms and molecules, as is the composition, structure and properties of matter that can best be described and understood in terms of these basic components of matter. Chemistry is the science not only of the approximately hundred elements, but the infinite variety of molecules and related species that can be created from them.
Our body is made of fabrics that are made chemicals. We need an adequate supply of chemicals in the form of food, vitamins, hormones and enzymes, which are all chemicals. For our health care needs medication. We found that chemicals and chemical penetrate every aspect of our lives as essential elements of our needs daily, such as paper, sugar, starch, vegetable oils, butter, essential oils, tanneries, distilleries, soaps, cosmetics, rubber, inks, plastics, etc are all valuable gifts petroleum chemistry. The materials from which a contact in everyday life are polymers, rubber, plastics, textiles and many of the components of living things, such as cellulose and proteins. Infact there is almost nothing we use in our daily lives and not a product chemical. Therefore the study of chemistry has at least for the simple reason that in addition to being ourselves a set of chemicals, use many chemicals in almost all aspects of our daily lives.
The service medical chemistry represents one of the most fascinating facts history of applying scientific knowledge for the welfare of mankind. These are substances that provide the necessary elements such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium, etc. to humans and plants. It is no longer a mystery to the farmers reported that the head of nitrogen fertilizers are ammonium sulfate and calcium phosphate and ammonium. Super phosphate multiplying the crop yield many times.
While we are well informed with the stark reality that many of arsenic and its compounds are toxic fatal, it is worth mentioning that arsenic has also been used as a protector of life. In the nineteenth century, physicians had no means to fight infection and patients usually die had no destination. All nature of medicine, however, changed in 1863 when French scientists Bechamps, noted that a arsenic compound was toxic to some organisms whose report encourages Paul Ehrlich, a German scientist, to synthesize new compounds of arsenic, testing each of their ability to kill the body and, finally, with its complex 606th of arsenic, Ehrlich found a substance in 1909, which selectively killed the syphilis organism. At that time, syphilis was a dreaded and widespread disease for which there was no cure, only pain, dementia and finally death were the consequences obvious. Ehrlich arsenic compounds, which called as Magic Bullet always miraculous cures, and the pursuit of other chemicals that could be used in the treatment of diseases was launched.
In 1935, Gerhard Domagk, one dose of a dye called prontosil (which inhibits the growth of streptococcal bacteria) to cure the fever of his daughter. This not only laid the foundation for modern chemotherapy, but also grabbed a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1939 Domagk. This field, known Now as chemotherapy has produced one of the most effective tools to control bacterial infections and many other microorganisms. Chemotherapy also offers one line of attack against cancerous tissues. And it all started with an arsenic compound. In chemotherapy that is so essential and convenient for patients now cancer, many of whom do not have hopes and choices, but to count the remaining days of his life, like radiation therapy, chemicals or drugs are used to selectively destroy infectious organisms without destroying living tissue or host, although both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, as well as lead to effects severe side too. Ernest Fourneau, a French scientist in 1936 showed that in the human body decomposes to prontosil sulfanilamide. Sulfanilamide is real active agent that inhibits streptococci. This study led to the discovery of sulfa drugs and then in the growth of aa chemotherapy has reached amazing heights.
Analgesics such as morphine, codeine and heroin are mainly opium and its products, which are effective painkillers, but also causes addiction. In addition, their excess doses can cause drowsiness and unconsciousness. Tranquilizers to reduce anxiety and tension and are sedatives and antidepressants (mood elevators) are also chemicals. Similarly, the sterilization process of complete elimination of microorganisms include chemicals that are known as antiseptics and disinfectants. It is a matter of great pleasure and great satisfaction that has now become not only widely known but has also been accepted Atleast general by a large majority of the masses susceptible to the growing global population less per day and more at night, birth control has become essential. Fortunately, there are medicines that control ovulation and if consumed regularly, act as effective contraception.
It has been established that the voltage and mental stress increase the level of acid in the bile juice causing hyperacidity that can combat the use of antacids most bases such as calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or aluminum hydroxide as tablets or aqueous suspensions. These react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach and partially neutralize and bring relief to those who suffer the consequences of hyperacidity.
Histamine is naturally present in almost all body tissues and is released when the human body responds to Substances that cause allergies. For example, when a person is suffering from hay fever, histamine is released. Antihistamines are used as drugs control allergies caused by histamines are nothing more than chemicals known as amines. It should be noted that in 1920 Alexander Fleming found that bacteria not flourish in nutrient agar surrounded by the fungus Penicillium notatum Westling. He discovered that this fungus produces an antibiotic called penicillin. Antibiotics are produced by microorganisms that are toxic to other microorganisms.
We know that the colored substances used for dyeing fabrics are called dyes. A true must have a dye appropriate color, being able to join the field of the solution or be capable of being fixed on it, and be quick to light and washing when it is placed. To do this, must be resistant water, acids and alkalis. The chromophores are unsaturated groups or groups with multiple bonds that impart color to organic compounds. Examples include the nitro, nitroso and azo groups. Auxochromes (salt forming groups such as hydroxyl and amino) do not impart color to the chromogen in the absence of chromophores. However, when the chromogen has a chormophore, the color deepens auxochrome chromogen.
substantive dyes may be directly applied by dipping the fabric in a hot solution of the dye in the water. Can again be classified into acidic and basic dyes. Acid dyes are sodium salts of phenol sulfonic acid and nitro. Used to stain animal fibers (wool and silk), but not vegetable fibers (cotton). The staining solution is acidified with sulfuric acid or acetic acid. Dyes are generally basic salts of hydrochloric acid and base colors. It can be dyed animal fibers directly, but need a fixative called mordant (tannin) to dye vegetable fibers. These are used for dyeing silk and cotton. methyl orange, a database of azo dyes, is prepared by the coupling with sulfanilic acid diazotized dimethylaniline. Aniline yellow is another azodye but has little value as a dye due to its sensitivity to acids. This is the most basic simple azo dye and can be obtained by diazomium chloride coupling of benzene with aniline. Malachite belongs to the triphenyl methane dyes, prepared by condensation of one molecule of benzaldehyde with two molecules of dimethylaniline in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, H2SO4. The dyes can also be classified as natural and synthetic dyes. Compounds extracted from plants are called natural dyes. These were used in days past the color fabrics. Alizarin (red) and indigo (blue) are two examples. Dyes synthetic was created to offer a wider range of colors.
No need to mention that there are many chemicals that are widely used in cosmetics as well. Creams and lotions cleaning, cold creams, whitening creams and disappear are prepared synthetically from chemicals. The perfumes, talcum powder and deodorants also some other cosmetic substances that are derived from chemicals. Lipstick, nail polish and hair dyes are also chemicals. The scents are pleasant smell due to the esters used in its synthesis.
We also know that carbon fibers are long chains of carbon atoms. It received from man-made fibers by heating in the absence of oxygen. These fibers are decomposed by heating to produce carbon fibers. Besides being useful, chemicals useful in the artifacts as well. Ceramics, paints, varnishes, glass, cement and tastes are different from other substances that contain useful various chemicals as its main components. Construction industry is the main beneficiary of such substances.
A passing reference may be given on the fact that micro alloyed steels that are stronger than the alloys are higher intermediate carbon steel alloys containing 0.3 to 0.6% carbon. Also include vanadium, niobium (columbium) and titanium and so on. His greatest strength is due to the reaction of precipitation-hardening in nitrides or carbonitrides are formed in steel. Therefore, the nitrogen level control is a key factor in its strength.
It may not be an exaggeration to say that although we are accustomed to speak of chemicals in food, in fact, the natural food substances are the various forms of chemicals. For example, rice is a carbohydrate. Fruits contain carbohydrates carbon and organic acids such as citric acid, benzoic, malic and ascorbic acid. Vegetables contain protein (the building blocks of amino acids) and vitamins. Besides these, chemicals also are used as preservatives in canned or bottled foods. Preservatives are chemicals that are added to food materials to prevent the growth of microorganisms and prevent spoilage and increase shelf life. Chemicals are also used as dyes food and artificial sweetening agents. Since sugar can not be used as a sweetening agent for diabetic patients, artificial sweeteners are not nutritious in nature are used as sugar substitutes (especially in soft drinks). Examples are saccharin, which is 500 times sweeter than sucrose and cyclamate. Food Colors are used in ice cream, dairy products, fresh meat, soft drinks, candy, etc. These colors are also used in oral medications as capsules, tablets, syrups and liquids to improve their appearance. Some of the main colors are water soluble.
A common problems of the daily routine at home and laboratory is the removal of unwanted materials such as oils, dirt, grease, etc. from the surface of clothing, utensils, appliances, machines and our skin. Soaps detergents and other chemicals used are best for this purpose. It may not be familiar to many of us that soaps are salts of sodium or potassium higher fatty acids and stearic acids, palmitic and oleic. Fatty acids are organic acids having more than sixteen atoms of carbon in their molecular structure. Sodium soaps are called hard soaps and potassium soaps are known as mild soaps. The soaps are made from oils and fats. For example, tristearin obtained from beef and mutton tallow, tripalmitin in triolein palm oil and lard (pork fat), olive oil and cottonseed oil. In India, the soap is commonly received coconut, peanuts, oil and Mahua Til. They have the desirable properties of ordinary soaps and may be used with hard water and acid solutions as well. Detergents Synthetic sodium salts of long chain benzene sulfonic acid or sodium salt of long chain alkyl hydrogen sulfate. Their calcium or magnesium salts are soluble in the water.
Finally, there may be out of context to add that propellants, insect repellents and pheromones, are also chemicals. Propellants are fuels such as alcohol, liquid hydrogen, liquid ammonia, kerosene, paraffin etc hydrazine and used in rocket propulsion. Chemicals such as dimethyl phthalate, N, N-diethyl-meta-toulamide, N – N – diethyl benzamide used as effective repellents against mosquitoes, flies and other insects. These are widely used in body creams, insect repellents. Another way to get rid of the insects is to use insect pheromones or sex attractants. Chemicals used as pheromones help to induce the mating of urgency and insects attract the opposite sex. When covered with poisonous baits, are fatal to insects.

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